Confucius Facts For Fun Confucius was a Chinese teacher, editor, politician, and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history. The philosophy of Confucius, also known as Confucianism, emphasized personal and governmental morality, the correctness of social relationships, justice and sincerity. Wikipedia Confucius A picture of the author Confucius Confucius (551 BCE - 479 BCE) was a Chinese philosopher, politician, teacher, and wise man who focused on ethics, morality, and strong family loyalty. He founded Confucianism, which was suppressed during the Qin Dynasty, who favored legalists, but was officially sanctioned during the Han dynasty. Interestingly, his countrymen speak of him respectfully as K'ung Fu-tzu, the Master, or philosopher K'ung. He came to be known as Confucius when the Jesuit missionaries brought his teachings and fame to Europe. Images [Silk painting at right, Confucius presenting the young Gautama Buddha to Laozi, Qing Dynasty] Confucius' Analects (2 BCE)Confucius was born to a poor military officer, with descendants from the Yim imperial house. He married at nineteen, had a son and daughter, and worked as the state keeper of the granary, later in charge of the public fields. When in 527 BCE his mother died, he retired from public life and began teaching and studying. Confucius' words of wisdom were first compiled and published for the western world in the Analects (2 BCE), having profoundly inspired many philosophers and people throughout the world with his observations, teachings and deceptively simple words of wisdom ever since. "Life is really simple, but we insist on making it complicated." Article information was taken from the Confucius Home Page At Americanliterature.com BELIEFS Confucius gave advice that was precise and wise Encouraged people to act with virtue, with empathy and justice Confucius took no credit for his wisdom. He said he got it from studying the ancients. Nature and acting within it’s laws is encouraged (like Taoism) Self-improvement and learning from the ancestors are encouraged (way of heaven) Humans have a duty to act as guardians of heaven’s creation The Five Virtues Jen – goodwill, empathy, generosity Yi – rightness, duty as guardians of nature and humanity Li – right conduct and propriety, demonstrating your inner attitude with your outward expressions Chih – wisdom Hsin – faithfulness and trustworthiness 孔子(Kǒngzǐ, Confucius) was one of the greatest thinkers in the world. During time of chaos and war, he set new standards in politics, morality, and philosophy. He became a statesman in China of 6 century BCE, and created the social foundations of modern civilized China. The Five Relationships Father/Son Ruler/Citizen Husband/Wife Older Brother/Younger Brother Friend/Friend Each relationship must contain mutual respect and recognition in order for the relationship to work Each of us has a moral obligation to perform our role to the best of our ability Ancestor Veneration – honoring and remembering the members of one’s family who have died. Ancestors are not seen as gods. Instead, remembering is seen as an important act of Hsin (faithfulness) Milestones and Symbols Birth At birth, the spirit of the fetus protects the mother from harm Mother is given one month of complete rest after the birth Family members provide for the baby’s needs for the first year Marriage At the proposal, details of the individuals’ birth (hour, day, month, year) are checked. If anything negative happens to the woman’s family during the 3 days after the proposal, the offer is rejected The families exchange gifts The wedding day involves a procession to each family’s home, a breakfast and a ceremony At the ceremony, the bride serves the groom’s parents tea, and they do the same for her Death Relatives cry loudly to inform the community of the death The deceased is placed in a coffin with food and significant ob
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